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HSK 6Unit 1 Review

Essence and Aspirations

本质与愿望 Běn zhì yǔ yuàn wàng

You can now articulate nuanced arguments on aspirations, express your essence with formal precision, navigate complex discussions on trends, and analyze purposeful actions while effectively shifting topics and incorporating authoritative sources.

Consolidate everything from 7 lessons — 0/7 completed.

67 words 14 grammar 56 exercises 100 XP

What You Can Now Do

Four skills you've built across this unit — revisit any lesson to sharpen them.

Listen

You can comprehend sophisticated discussions on aspirations and trends, identifying the nuances in arguments and counter-arguments presented.

Speak

You can construct and defend a formal argument on aspirations, seamlessly shifting topics and incorporating authoritative citations to bolster your points.

Read & Write

You can write op-ed pieces that express your essence and aspirations while employing formal language and literary devices to convey complex ideas.

Culture & Use

You can discern the appropriate register for discussing sensitive topics, understanding when to introduce unexpected outcomes and how to frame discussions around trust and secrecy.

Vocabulary Review

All 67 words from Unit 1. Tap any word to visit its dictionary page.

Grammar Review

14 grammar patterns covered in this unit.

1

Quasi-Prefixes: 超~, 多~, 反~, 无~, 亚~, 准~

类前缀:超~、多~、反~、无~、亚~、准~ · lèi qiánzhuì: chāo~, duō~, fǎn~, wú~, yà~, zhǔn~

Expand vocabulary by mastering six productive quasi-prefixes that attach to nouns and adjectives to create new compound words

Pattern超/多/反/无/亚/准 + 名词/形容词Attach a quasi-prefix directly before a noun or adjective root to create a new compound. Unlike full prefixes in European languages, these Chinese morphemes can sometimes stand alone as words but function here as bound elements that modify the root.

这部电影讲述了一个超自然的故事。

Zhè bù diànyǐng jiǎngshù le yí gè chāozìrán de gùshi.

This movie tells a supernatural story.

我们应该从多角度分析这个问题。

Wǒmen yīnggāi cóng duō jiǎodù fēnxī zhège wèntí.

We should analyse this problem from multiple angles.

每一种药都有反作用。

Měi yì zhǒng yào dōu yǒu fǎnzuòyòng.

Every medicine has side effects.

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9

Correlative Adverb: 便

关联副词:便 · guānlián fùcí: biàn

Use 便 as a formal/literary equivalent of 就 to express immediate sequence or natural consequence

Pattern一 + 动词₁ + 便 + 动词₂ | 条件 + 便 + 结果便 functions like 就 but in formal or literary register. It connects a condition or first action to an immediate result. The pattern 一……便…… means "as soon as… then…" In conditional sentences, 便 introduces the natural consequence.

他一下课便回家了。

Tā yí xiàkè biàn huíjiā le.

As soon as class ended, he went home.

她一毕业便决定回国。

Tā yí bìyè biàn juédìng huíguó.

As soon as she graduated, she decided to return to her home country.

消息一传出,便引起了社会各界的关注。

Xiāoxi yì chuánchū, biàn yǐnqǐ le shèhuì gèjiè de guānzhù.

As soon as the news spread, it attracted attention from all sectors of society.

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2

Quasi-Suffixes: ~化, ~式, ~型, ~性

类后缀:~化、~式、~型、~性 · lèi hòuzhuì: ~huà, ~shì, ~xíng, ~xìng

Use four productive quasi-suffixes to form abstract nouns, describe styles, classify types, and express characteristics

Pattern名词/形容词 + 化/式/型/性Attach a quasi-suffix to a root word: ~化 turns it into a process ("…ization"), ~式 describes a style or format, ~型 classifies a type or model, and ~性 expresses a quality or characteristic.

中国的城市化进程非常快。

Zhōngguó de chéngshìhuà jìnchéng fēicháng kuài.

China's urbanization process is very fast.

我喜欢喝美式咖啡。

Wǒ xǐhuan hē Měishì kāfēi.

I like drinking American-style coffee.

这是一家小型企业。

Zhè shì yì jiā xiǎoxíng qǐyè.

This is a small-scale enterprise.

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13

Preposition: 于 (Formal Time & Place)

介词引出时间处所:于 · jiècí yǐnchū shíjiān chùsuǒ: yú

Use the formal preposition 于 to indicate time, place, and context in written and formal Chinese

Pattern动词 + 于 + 时间/地点Place 于 after the verb to introduce the time or location. Unlike 在, which comes before the verb in everyday speech, 于 follows the verb and belongs to formal, written registers.

他出生于1995年。

Tā chūshēng yú yī jiǔ jiǔ wǔ nián.

He was born in 1995.

大熊猫主要生活于中国西南地区。

Dà xióngmāo zhǔyào shēnghuó yú Zhōngguó xīnán dìqū.

Giant pandas mainly live in southwestern China.

这座城市建于公元前200年。

Zhè zuò chéngshì jiàn yú gōngyuán qián èr bǎi nián.

This city was built in 200 BC.

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3

Demonstrative Pronouns: 本 & 此

指示代词:本、此 · zhǐshì dàicí: běn, cǐ

Use the formal demonstrative pronouns 本 (this/our) and 此 (this — literary) correctly in written and formal contexts

Pattern本/此 + 名词Place 本 or 此 directly before a noun. 本 means "this" with a sense of ownership or belonging ("our/this very"), typically used by institutions referring to themselves. 此 means "this" in a formal or literary register, pointing to something previously mentioned.

本市将在下月启动新的交通规划。

Běn shì jiāng zài xià yuè qǐdòng xīn de jiāotōng guīhuà.

Our city will launch a new transportation plan next month.

本人对此事毫不知情。

Běnrén duì cǐ shì háo bù zhīqíng.

I personally know nothing about this matter.

此处禁止吸烟。

Cǐ chù jìnzhǐ xīyān.

Smoking is prohibited here.

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22

Structural Particle: 所

结构助词:所 · jiégòu zhùcí: suǒ

Understand and use the formal structural particle 所 to nominalize verbs and create "that which..." constructions

PatternSubject + 所 + Verb + 的 + (Noun)所 is placed before a verb to nominalize the action, creating a formal construction meaning "that which (someone) does/did." It transforms verbs into noun-like phrases and is almost always followed by 的. Common patterns include 所 + V + 的, and fixed phrases like 据我所知 (as far as I know).

据我所知,这件事不是真的。

Jù wǒ suǒ zhī, zhè jiàn shì bú shì zhēn de.

As far as I know, this matter is not true.

你所做的每件事我都支持。

Nǐ suǒ zuò de měi jiàn shì wǒ dōu zhīchí.

I support everything that you do.

这部电影正是我所感兴趣的。

Zhè bù diànyǐng zhèng shì wǒ suǒ gǎn xìngqù de.

This film is exactly what I am interested in.

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4

Measure Words: 餐, 串, 滴, 副, 股, 集, 枝

名量词:餐、串、滴、副、股、集、枝 · míng liàngcí: cān, chuàn, dī, fù, gǔ, jí, zhī

Master seven advanced measure words for meals, strings, drops, pairs, streams, episodes, and branches

Pattern数词 + 餐/串/滴/副/股/集/枝 + 名词Place the measure word between a number (or demonstrative) and the noun it qualifies. Each measure word pairs with specific categories of nouns based on the physical shape or nature of the object.

一天三餐要按时吃。

Yì tiān sān cān yào ànshí chī.

You should eat three meals a day on time.

她买了一串葡萄。

Tā mǎi le yì chuàn pútao.

She bought a bunch of grapes.

他连一滴水都没有喝。

Tā lián yì dī shuǐ dōu méiyǒu hē.

He didn't drink even a drop of water.

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24

Phrase Structure: Number + Adjective + Measure Word

数词+形容词+量词 · shùcí + xíngróngcí + liàngcí

Use the Number + Adjective + Measure Word pattern to add descriptive detail within noun phrases

PatternNumber + Adjective + Measure Word + NounIn standard Chinese, the order is Number + Measure Word + Noun (一杯茶). This advanced pattern inserts a monosyllabic adjective between the number and the measure word to add vivid description: 一大杯茶 (a big cup of tea). The adjective must be monosyllabic (大, 小, 长, 短, 厚, 薄, etc.) and directly modifies the measure word, creating a compact, descriptive phrase.

请给我一大杯茶。

Qǐng gěi wǒ yí dà bēi chá.

Please give me a big cup of tea.

桌子上放着一长串葡萄。

Zhuōzi shàng fàngzhe yì cháng chuàn pútao.

There was a long string of grapes on the table.

我只要一小份米饭就够了。

Wǒ zhǐ yào yì xiǎo fèn mǐfàn jiù gòu le.

I only need a small portion of rice — that will be enough.

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5

Verbal Measure Words: 番, 声, 趟

动量词:番、声、趟 · dòng liàngcí: fān, shēng, tàng

Quantify actions using 番 (a round/session), 声 (a sound/utterance), and 趟 (a trip/journey)

Pattern动词 + 一番/一声/一趟Place the verbal measure word after the verb to quantify the action. 番 counts rounds or sessions of effort, 声 counts individual sounds or utterances, and 趟 counts trips or journeys.

经过一番讨论,大家终于达成了共识。

Jīngguò yì fān tǎolùn, dàjiā zhōngyú dáchéng le gòngshí.

After a thorough discussion, everyone finally reached a consensus.

你要是有什么需要,跟我说一声。

Nǐ yàoshi yǒu shénme xūyào, gēn wǒ shuō yì shēng.

If you need anything, just let me know.

我得去银行跑一趟。

Wǒ děi qù yínháng pǎo yí tàng.

I need to make a trip to the bank.

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26

Four-Character Pattern: 无A无B

无A无B · wú A wú B

Use the formal pattern 无A无B to express the complete absence of both A and B

Pattern无A无BRepeat 无 (without) before two monosyllabic elements to express the complete absence of both. This creates emphatic four-character expressions that are formal, literary, and often idiomatic. Many 无A无B combinations have become fixed phrases (成语-like) with established meanings beyond their literal translations.

妈妈无时无刻不在想念着国外留学的孩子。

Māma wú shí wú kè bú zài xiǎngniànzhe guówài liúxué de háizi.

The mother thinks about her child studying abroad at every single moment.

这孩子再不管管就无法无天了。

Zhè háizi zài bù guǎnguǎn jiù wúfǎwútiān le.

If we don't discipline this child, he will become completely out of control.

小时候无忧无虑的日子真让人怀念。

Xiǎoshíhou wúyōuwúlǜ de rìzi zhēn ràng rén huáiniàn.

The carefree days of childhood are truly something to miss.

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6

Degree Adverbs: 特 & 异常

程度副词:特、异常 · chéngdù fùcí: tè, yìcháng

Express extreme degree using the colloquial 特 (especially) and the formal 异常 (extremely/abnormally)

Pattern特/异常 + 形容词Place 特 or 异常 directly before an adjective. 特 is informal and colloquial, roughly meaning "really/super." 异常 is formal and literary, meaning "extremely" with a nuance of being beyond normal or expected.

他特高兴,因为他的设计获奖了。

Tā tè gāoxìng, yīnwèi tā de shèjì huòjiǎng le.

He was really happy because his design won an award.

今天天气异常寒冷,大家要注意保暖。

Jīntiān tiānqì yìcháng hánlěng, dàjiā yào zhùyì bǎonuǎn.

The weather is unusually cold today; everyone should keep warm.

这家餐厅的菜特好吃。

Zhè jiā cāntīng de cài tè hǎochī.

The food at this restaurant is really delicious.

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27

Four-Character Pattern: A这A那

A这A那 · A zhè A nà

Use the A这A那 pattern to describe someone doing A about this and that — often implying complaint, impatience, or vividness

PatternVerb这Verb那 / Adjective这Adjective那A monosyllabic verb or adjective is repeated before 这 and 那 to create an expression meaning "doing A about this and that" or "finding fault with this and that." The same word fills both A positions. This pattern often carries a tone of complaint, impatience, or vivid description of scattered, unfocused activity.

他总是很耐心地听她说这说那。

Tā zǒngshì hěn nàixīn de tīng tā shuō zhè shuō nà.

He always patiently listens to her talk about this and that.

他这个人真是麻烦,总是嫌这嫌那的。

Tā zhège rén zhēnshi máfan, zǒngshì xián zhè xián nà de.

This person is really troublesome — always complaining about everything.

孩子第一次进商场,兴奋得看这看那。

Háizi dì-yī cì jìn shāngchǎng, xīngfèn de kàn zhè kàn nà.

It was the child's first time in a mall, and he excitedly looked at everything.

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7

Scope & Coordination Adverbs: 尽, 净, 一齐, 一同

范围、协同副词:尽、净、一齐、一同 · fànwéi, xiétóng fùcí: jìn, jìng, yìqí, yìtóng

Express totality with 尽/净 (all/nothing but) and togetherness with 一齐/一同 (together)

Pattern尽/净 + 是 + 名词 | 主语 + 一齐/一同 + 动词尽 and 净 appear before 是 or a verb to express "nothing but / all." 一齐 and 一同 appear before the main verb to express "together." 尽 is slightly more neutral; 净 carries a tone of complaint. 一齐 emphasises simultaneous action; 一同 is more formal.

刚上班,分配给我的尽是些基础工作。

Gāng shàngbān, fēnpèi gěi wǒ de jìn shì xiē jīchǔ gōngzuò.

Just started working, and I was assigned nothing but basic tasks.

这里净是垃圾,都没地方站。

Zhèlǐ jìng shì lājī, dōu méi dìfang zhàn.

There is nothing but garbage here — nowhere to even stand.

大家一齐动手,很快就把路上的垃圾清理干净了。

Dàjiā yìqí dòngshǒu, hěn kuài jiù bǎ lù shàng de lājī qīnglǐ gānjìng le.

Everyone pitched in together, and the garbage on the road was quickly cleaned up.

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28

Four-Character Pattern: 左A右B

左A右B · zuǒ A yòu B

Use the 左A右B pattern to vividly describe actions done in all directions or from multiple angles

Pattern左A右BPlace 左 (left) before one monosyllabic verb and 右 (right) before another to describe an action done in multiple directions or repeatedly from different angles. A and B are typically synonyms or closely related actions. The pattern creates a vivid, dynamic image of movement or thought going back and forth.

他左躲右闪,终于把球踢进了球门。

Tā zuǒ duǒ yòu shǎn, zhōngyú bǎ qiú tī jìn le qiúmén.

He dodged left and right, and finally kicked the ball into the goal.

第一次出门,他兴奋得左瞧右看,眼睛都不够用了。

Dì-yī cì chūmén, tā xīngfèn de zuǒ qiáo yòu kàn, yǎnjing dōu bú gòu yòng le.

It was his first time going out, and he excitedly looked all around — his eyes could not take it all in.

他左思右想,觉得这件事不能这样就完了。

Tā zuǒ sī yòu xiǎng, juéde zhè jiàn shì bù néng zhèyàng jiù wán le.

He thought it over carefully from every angle and decided this matter could not just end like this.

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Cumulative Exercises

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