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垄断 — pronunciations, definitions, and tags
HanziPinyinEnglishTags
垄断lǒngduànto enjoy market dominanceHSK 7, v, rank #18494, Hard
垄断lǒngduànto monopolizeHSK 7, v, rank #18494, Hard
lǒngduàn(long3duan4) T3
  1. 1to enjoy market dominance
  2. 2to monopolize
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March 24, 2026
垄断(壟斷)lǒngduàn(long3duan4)

垄断 refers to the situation where a single entity or company has exclusive control over a particular market or commodity, limiting competition. It is commonly used in economic discussions, particularly when analyzing market structures, regulations, and anti-trust laws.

Frequency#18494DifficultyHard
Cultural Note

In China, discussions about 垄断 often arise in the context of state-owned enterprises and their influence on the market, reflecting the ongoing balance between regulation and competition in the economy.

Memory Tip

Imagine a long (long3) fence (垄) that keeps everyone else out, symbolizing how one company dominates the market. The word '断' (duan4) sounds like 'cut off', which helps you remember that a monopoly cuts off competition.

Meanings of 垄断

lǒngduàn(long3duan4)
1to enjoy market dominance
2to monopolize
Exercise 1 of 2

Listen & Choose the Meaning

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About 垄断

垄断Simplified
壟斷Traditional
Strokes
Radical
动词dòngcíverb (v.)Part of Speech
#18494Frequency Rank
HSK 2.0L6HSK 3.0L7AdvancedCEFRC2

Podcast: 垄断

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Podcast: 垄断

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AI Study Notes for 垄断

Quick Contrast

垄断 (monopoly) vs 独占 (exclusive possession) — use 垄断 when emphasizing market control over competition, while 独占 focuses more on exclusive ownership.

Memory Mnemonic

Imagine a long (long3) fence (垄) that keeps everyone else out, symbolizing how one company dominates the market. The word '断' (duan4) sounds like 'cut off', which helps you remember that a monopoly cuts off competition.

Usage Notes

Be careful with the context in which you use 垄断, as it often carries a negative connotation in discussions about fairness and market ethics. It is more commonly used in formal contexts such as business and economics. A common collocation is '市场垄断' (market monopoly).

HSK Study Tips

As an HSK 6 word, 垄断 connects with other economic terms at this level, such as 竞争 (competition) and 市场 (market). Students should focus on understanding its implications in various economic contexts and practice using it in sentences.

Cultural Note

In China, discussions about 垄断 often arise in the context of state-owned enterprises and their influence on the market, reflecting the ongoing balance between regulation and competition in the economy.

Common Mistakes

Learners often confuse 垄断 with 竞争 (jìng zhēng), thinking they mean the same thing. Remember, 垄断 refers to monopoly, while 竞争 refers to competition. Another mistake is using it in informal contexts, where a more general term like '控制' (control) may be more appropriate.

AI-enhanced 2026-03-24

Pronunciation of 垄断

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Component Characters

lǒngridge between fields
8 strokes
View full entry
duànto break
HSK 511 strokes
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Write 垄断

Practice writing 垄断 stroke by stroke. Watch the animation to learn the stroke order, then try writing it yourself.

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Grammar Patterns of 垄断

垄断 functions as a verb — the action or state of the sentence. The Chinese order is Subject + Verb + Object (我吃饭). Negate it with 不 (habitual / future) or 没(有) (completed action). Add aspect markers like 了, 过, 着 directly after the verb. It carries 2 related meanings, each with its own usage notes below. The example sentences below show it in action, with practice buttons (Listen, Practice Writing, Practice Speaking) on every line.

Exercise 1 of 3

Complete the Sentence

陪审团裁决全国橄榄球联盟触犯了反____法。

The jury found that the NFL had violated antitrust laws.

Example Sentences for 垄断 (3)

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1
陪审团裁决全国橄榄球联盟触犯了反垄断法。

péi shěn tuán cái jué quán guó gǎn lǎn qiú lián méng chù fàn le fǎn lǒng duàn fǎ。

The jury found that the NFL had violated antitrust laws.
2
要是他当时成功了,他就会取得垄断地位。

yào shì tā dāng shí chéng gōng le, , tā jiù huì qǔ dé lǒng duàn dì。

Had he succeeded, he would have acquired a monopoly.
3
规模更小的竞争对手正为结束他们的两强垄断局面而抗争着。

guī mó gēng xiǎo de jìng zhēng duì shǒu zhèng wéi jié shù tā mén de liǎng qiáng lǒng duàn jú miàn ér kàng zhēng zháo。

Their smaller rival is battling to end their duopoly.

Cultural Notes for 垄断

🏮Cultural insight

In China, discussions about 垄断 often arise in the context of state-owned enterprises and their influence on the market, reflecting the ongoing balance between regulation and competition in the economy.

🌏Cross-cultural Insight

In Western cultures, monopolies are often heavily regulated and can face legal challenges, whereas in China, the conversation around market dominance can be intertwined with state involvement and strategic industries.

Frequently Asked Questions about 垄断

The opposite is 竞争 (jìng zhēng), which means competition.