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参考 — pronunciations, definitions, and tags
HanziPinyinEnglishTags
参考cānkǎoconsultationHSK 5, v, rank #8540, Hard
参考cānkǎoreferenceHSK 5, v, rank #8540, Hard
参考cānkǎoto consultHSK 5, v, rank #8540, Hard
参考cānkǎoto referHSK 5, v, rank #8540, Hard
cānkǎo(can1kao3) T1
  1. 1consultation
  2. 2reference
Listen to the audio pronunciation 3 times to gain XP
March 24, 2026
参考(參考)cānkǎo(can1kao3)

参考 (cān kǎo) means 'to consult' or 'to refer to' something for information or guidance. It is commonly used in academic, professional, and everyday contexts where one seeks advice, data, or supporting evidence from external sources. The term implies a formal or systematic approach to gathering information.

Frequency#8540DifficultyHard
Cultural Note

In Chinese education and business culture, using 参考 is crucial as it emphasizes the importance of research and informed decision-making. It reflects a collective approach to knowledge where citing sources is valued.

Memory Tip

Imagine a wise old owl (the character for 参, cān) wearing glasses and reading a book (考, kǎo) to gather knowledge. This image connects the consulting nature of the word with its components, reminding you that to '参考' is to seek wisdom from resources.

Meanings of 参考

cānkǎo(can1kao3)
1consultation
2reference
Exercise 1 of 2

Listen & Choose the Meaning

Choose the correct answer:

About 参考

参考Simplified
參考Traditional
Strokes
Radical
动词dòngcíverb (v.)Part of Speech
#8540Frequency Rank
HSK 2.0L5HSK 3.0L5IntermediateTOCFLL4HSKKL2CEFRB1

Podcast: 参考

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Podcast: 参考

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AI Study Notes for 参考

Quick Contrast

参考 (cānkǎo) vs 查阅 (cháyuè): use 参考 when implying a more formal consultation of sources, while 查阅 suggests looking up or reviewing materials.

Memory Mnemonic

Imagine a wise old owl (the character for 参, cān) wearing glasses and reading a book (考, kǎo) to gather knowledge. This image connects the consulting nature of the word with its components, reminding you that to '参考' is to seek wisdom from resources.

Usage Notes

Learners often confuse 参考 with 询问 (xún wèn, 'to inquire') but remember that 参考 specifically implies using resources for reference rather than asking a person directly. The word can be used in both formal and informal contexts, often appearing in academic writing. Common collocations include 参考资料 (reference materials) and 参考意见 (reference opinions).

HSK Study Tips

As an HSK Level 5 word, 参考 is important for students to master since it connects to other academic and professional terms like 研究 (yán jiū, 'research') and 资料 (zī liào, 'data'). Focus on using 参考 in sentences that require citing sources or referencing materials.

Cultural Note

In Chinese education and business culture, using 参考 is crucial as it emphasizes the importance of research and informed decision-making. It reflects a collective approach to knowledge where citing sources is valued.

Common Mistakes

Learners often mistakenly use 参考 when they mean to say 'to ask' (询问, xún wèn). For example, saying '我想参考他' (I want to consult him) is incorrect if they mean to ask him directly; the correct phrase would be '我想询问他'.

AI-enhanced 2026-03-24

Pronunciation of 参考

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Component Characters

cānginseng
HSK 28 strokes
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kǎoto beat
HSK 26 strokes
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Write 参考

Practice writing 参考 stroke by stroke. Watch the animation to learn the stroke order, then try writing it yourself.

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Grammar Patterns of 参考

参考 functions as a verb — the action or state of the sentence. The Chinese order is Subject + Verb + Object (我吃饭). Negate it with 不 (habitual / future) or 没(有) (completed action). Add aspect markers like 了, 过, 着 directly after the verb. It carries 4 related meanings, each with its own usage notes below. The example sentences below show it in action, with practice buttons (Listen, Practice Writing, Practice Speaking) on every line.

Exercise 1 of 2

Complete the Sentence

请把这些资料作为____。

Please use these materials as a reference.

Example Sentences for 参考 (2)

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1
这本小说纯粹是由一堆文学参考书胡乱拼凑而成。

zhè běn xiǎo shuō chún cuì shì yóu yī duī wén xué cān kǎo shū hú luàn pīn còu ér chéng。

The novel is a thicket of literary references.
2
参考译文]鼠若逢时,两根钢索也咬得断.

cān kǎo yì wén] ] shǔ ruò féng, shí , liǎng gēn gāng suǒ yě yǎo.

A mouse in time may bite in two a cable.

Cultural Notes for 参考

🏮Cultural insight

In Chinese education and business culture, using 参考 is crucial as it emphasizes the importance of research and informed decision-making. It reflects a collective approach to knowledge where citing sources is valued.

Frequently Asked Questions about 参考

You can say '我需要参考一些资料来写这篇论文' (I need to refer to some materials to write this paper).