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外公 — pronunciations, definitions, and tags
HanziPinyinEnglishTags
外公wàigōng(coll.) mother's fatherHSK 5, n, rank #7694, Hard
外公wàigōngmaternal grandfatherHSK 5, n, rank #7694, Hard
wàigōng(wai4gong1) T4
  1. 1(coll.) mother's father
  2. 2maternal grandfather
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March 24, 2026
外公wàigōng(wai4gong1)

外公 refers to one's maternal grandfather, specifically the father of one's mother. This term is commonly used in family contexts and is a warm, affectionate way to refer to this family member, emphasizing the maternal side of the family.

Frequency#7694DifficultyHard
Cultural Note

In Chinese culture, family hierarchy and respect for elders are significant, making the term 外公 not just a label but a sign of familial respect and affection. It's common for families to gather and celebrate around this figure during holidays.

Memory Tip

Imagine a grandpa outside (外 - 'wai') in the garden, waving to you with a big smile. The '公' (gong) part sounds like 'gong,' which you can think of as the joyful sound of celebration whenever you visit him. Together, they remind you of your loving maternal grandfather.

Meanings of 外公

wàigōng(wai4gong1)
1(coll.) mother's father
2maternal grandfather
Exercise 1 of 2

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About 外公

外公Simplified
Strokes
Radical
名词míngcínoun (n.)Part of Speech
#7694Frequency Rank
HSK 2.0L5HSK 3.0L5AdvancedCEFRC2

Podcast: 外公

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Podcast: 外公

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AI Study Notes for 外公

Quick Contrast

外祖父 (wàizǔfù) — use 外公 for a more affectionate, casual reference to maternal grandfather, while 外祖父 is more formal.

Memory Mnemonic

Imagine a grandpa outside (外 - 'wai') in the garden, waving to you with a big smile. The '公' (gong) part sounds like 'gong,' which you can think of as the joyful sound of celebration whenever you visit him. Together, they remind you of your loving maternal grandfather.

Usage Notes

A common mistake is to confuse 外公 with 祖父 (zǔfù), which means paternal grandfather. While 外公 is informal and affectionate, it’s crucial to use it appropriately in family discussions. Watch out for tone errors, especially with '外' (wai4) and '公' (gong1).

HSK Study Tips

As an HSK 5 word, 外公 connects with other family terms like 母亲 (mǔqīn - mother) and 家 (jiā - family). Focus on using it in sentences related to family events or discussing lineage to reinforce understanding.

Cultural Note

In Chinese culture, family hierarchy and respect for elders are significant, making the term 外公 not just a label but a sign of familial respect and affection. It's common for families to gather and celebrate around this figure during holidays.

Common Mistakes

Learners often mistakenly use 外公 when referring to their paternal grandfather, which is incorrect. The correct term for paternal grandfather is 祖父 (zǔfù).

AI-enhanced 2026-03-24

Pronunciation of 外公

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Component Characters

wàioutside
HSK 15 strokes
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gōngpublic
HSK 64 strokes
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Write 外公

Practice writing 外公 stroke by stroke. Watch the animation to learn the stroke order, then try writing it yourself.

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Grammar Patterns of 外公

外公 functions as a noun — it names a person, place, thing, or concept. Place it as a subject before the verb (主+谓) or as an object after the verb (谓+宾). Most Chinese nouns require a measure word between the number and the noun (e.g. 一个/三本). It carries 2 related meanings, each with its own usage notes below. The example sentences below show it in action, with practice buttons (Listen, Practice Writing, Practice Speaking) on every line.

Exercise 1 of 1

Complete the Sentence

他的祖父和____都热衷于演说。

Both his grandfathers were fired with an enthusiasm for public speaking.

Example Sentences for 外公 (1)

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1
他的祖父和外公都热衷于演说。

tā de zǔ fù hé wài gōng dū rè zhōng yú yǎn shuō。

Both his grandfathers were fired with an enthusiasm for public speaking.

Cultural Notes for 外公

🏮Cultural insight

In Chinese culture, family hierarchy and respect for elders are significant, making the term 外公 not just a label but a sign of familial respect and affection. It's common for families to gather and celebrate around this figure during holidays.

Frequently Asked Questions about 外公

外公 refers specifically to your maternal grandfather, while 祖父 refers to your paternal grandfather.