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的 — pronunciations, definitions, and tags
HanziPinyinEnglishTags
deofHSK 1, uj, 8 strokes, radical 白, rank #1, Easy
de~'s (possessive particle)HSK 1, uj, 8 strokes, radical 白, rank #1, Easy
dereally and trulyHSK 1, uj, 8 strokes, radical 白, rank #1, Easy
de(used after an attribute)HSK 1, uj, 8 strokes, radical 白, rank #1, Easy
deaimHSK 1, uj, 8 strokes, radical 白, rank #1, Easy
de(used to form a nominal expression)HSK 1, uj, 8 strokes, radical 白, rank #1, Easy
declearHSK 1, uj, 8 strokes, radical 白, rank #1, Easy
de(used at the end of a declarative sentence for emphasis)HSK 1, uj, 8 strokes, radical 白, rank #1, Easy
deaim, goal; of; possessive particle; -self suffixHSK 1, uj, 8 strokes, radical 白, rank #1, Easy
ofHSK 1, uj, 8 strokes, radical 白, rank #1, Easy
~'s (possessive particle)HSK 1, uj, 8 strokes, radical 白, rank #1, Easy
really and trulyHSK 1, uj, 8 strokes, radical 白, rank #1, Easy
(used after an attribute)HSK 1, uj, 8 strokes, radical 白, rank #1, Easy
aimHSK 1, uj, 8 strokes, radical 白, rank #1, Easy
(used to form a nominal expression)HSK 1, uj, 8 strokes, radical 白, rank #1, Easy
clearHSK 1, uj, 8 strokes, radical 白, rank #1, Easy
(used at the end of a declarative sentence for emphasis)HSK 1, uj, 8 strokes, radical 白, rank #1, Easy
aim, goal; of; possessive particle; -self suffixHSK 1, uj, 8 strokes, radical 白, rank #1, Easy
ofHSK 1, uj, 8 strokes, radical 白, rank #1, Easy
~'s (possessive particle)HSK 1, uj, 8 strokes, radical 白, rank #1, Easy
really and trulyHSK 1, uj, 8 strokes, radical 白, rank #1, Easy
(used after an attribute)HSK 1, uj, 8 strokes, radical 白, rank #1, Easy
aimHSK 1, uj, 8 strokes, radical 白, rank #1, Easy
(used to form a nominal expression)HSK 1, uj, 8 strokes, radical 白, rank #1, Easy
clearHSK 1, uj, 8 strokes, radical 白, rank #1, Easy
(used at the end of a declarative sentence for emphasis)HSK 1, uj, 8 strokes, radical 白, rank #1, Easy
aim, goal; of; possessive particle; -self suffixHSK 1, uj, 8 strokes, radical 白, rank #1, Easy
ofHSK 1, uj, 8 strokes, radical 白, rank #1, Easy
~'s (possessive particle)HSK 1, uj, 8 strokes, radical 白, rank #1, Easy
really and trulyHSK 1, uj, 8 strokes, radical 白, rank #1, Easy
(used after an attribute)HSK 1, uj, 8 strokes, radical 白, rank #1, Easy
aimHSK 1, uj, 8 strokes, radical 白, rank #1, Easy
(used to form a nominal expression)HSK 1, uj, 8 strokes, radical 白, rank #1, Easy
clearHSK 1, uj, 8 strokes, radical 白, rank #1, Easy
(used at the end of a declarative sentence for emphasis)HSK 1, uj, 8 strokes, radical 白, rank #1, Easy
aim, goal; of; possessive particle; -self suffixHSK 1, uj, 8 strokes, radical 白, rank #1, Easy
de(de5)
primary
T5
  1. 1of
  2. 2~'s (possessive particle)
Listen to the audio pronunciation 3 times to gain XP
March 24, 2026
de(de5)

The character 的 (de) is a possessive particle in Mandarin used to indicate possession, similar to 'of' or the apostrophe-s ('s) in English. It can also be used to form nominal expressions and to emphasize attributes or qualities in a sentence. In essence, it connects nouns to show relationships or qualities.

Strokes8RadicalFrequency#1DifficultyEasy
Cultural Note

In Chinese culture, possession and relationships are significant, often reflecting social status and familial ties. The use of 的 helps clarify these relationships in conversation, emphasizing the importance of context in communication.

Memory Tip

Imagine a big 'D' with a little 'e' attached to it, like a tiny tag hanging off a gift. The 'D' stands for 'de' and symbolizes ownership, while the 'e' reminds you that this is how we signify possession, like 'my book' becomes '我的书 (wǒ de shū)'.

Meanings of 的

de(de5)
primary
1of
2~'s (possessive particle)
Exercise 1 of 2

Listen & Choose the Meaning

Choose the correct answer:

About 的

Simplified
8Strokes
Radical
助词zhùcíparticle (part.)Part of Speech
#1Frequency Rank
HSK 2.0L1HSK 3.0L1ElementaryTOCFLL1YCTL1HSKKL1CEFRA1

Podcast: 的

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AI Study Notes for 的

Memory Mnemonic

Imagine a big 'D' with a little 'e' attached to it, like a tiny tag hanging off a gift. The 'D' stands for 'de' and symbolizes ownership, while the 'e' reminds you that this is how we signify possession, like 'my book' becomes '我的书 (wǒ de shū)'.

Usage Notes

Common mistakes include confusing 的 with other particles like 了 (le) or 在 (zài), which serve different functions. 的 is generally informal and versatile, but it can also be seen in more formal writing. Remember that it often follows adjectives to describe nouns, as in '漂亮的花 (piàoliang de huā)' meaning 'beautiful flower'.

HSK Study Tips

As an HSK Level 1 word, 的 is foundational for learners. It connects to other basic vocabulary words involving possession and description. Focus on practicing its use in simple sentences and with common nouns to reinforce understanding.

Cultural Note

In Chinese culture, possession and relationships are significant, often reflecting social status and familial ties. The use of 的 helps clarify these relationships in conversation, emphasizing the importance of context in communication.

Common Mistakes

Learners often mistakenly omit 的 when expressing possession, such as saying '我书' instead of '我的书 (wǒ de shū)'. Additionally, some might confuse it with other grammatical particles, leading to incorrect sentence structures.

AI-enhanced 2026-03-24

Pronunciation of 的

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Etymology of 的

Explanation

Phonosemantic compound. 白 represents the meaning and 勺 represents the sound. The character is based on the original meaning "bright white", which is unrelated to the modern meaning.

Learn more about character formation (六书)
Exercise 1 of 1

Character Formation Type

What type of character formation is 的?

Decomposition of 的

IDS Structure⿰白勺
Full Character
=
Bai2
left
shao2
right
Exercise 1 of 2

Identify the Components

Which of these is a component of 的?

Write 的

Practice writing stroke by stroke. Watch the animation to learn the stroke order, then try writing it yourself.

Write correctly 3 times to earn XP

Grammar Patterns of 的

Exercise 1 of 4

Complete the Sentence

你____衣服很好看。

Your clothes look great.

Example Sentences for 的 (17)

Listen to all sentences once to receive XP
ujof14
1
我真的不明白为什么要改变它。

wǒ zhēn de bù míng bái wéi shí mó yào gǎi biàn tā。

I really don't see any reason for changing it.
2
我把油画平放以防止未干的颜料流动。

wǒ bǎ yóu huà píng fàng yǐ fáng zhǐ wèi gān de yán liào liú dòng。

I lay the painting flat to stop the wet paint running.
3
我今天上午努力熨完了所有的衣服。

wǒ jīn tiān shàng wǔ nǔ lì yùn wán le suǒ yǒu de yī fú。

I managed to get all the ironing done this morning.
4
我要做的只是保持适度的冷静。

wǒ yào zuò de zhī shì bǎo chí shì dù de lěng jìng。

All I had to do was be halfway cool.
5
我见到过这个身着灰色套装的英俊男士。

wǒ jiàn dào guò zhè gè shēn zháo huī sè tào zhuāng de yīng jùn nán shì。

I saw this nice-looking man in a gray suit.
6
我不得不承认自己的字写得不好看。

wǒ bù dé bù chéng rèn zì jǐ de zì xiě dé bù hǎo kàn。

I have to admit that I have bad handwriting.
7
我回来的时候,妈妈还没下班。

wǒ huí lái de shí hòu, , mā mā huán méi xià。

Ma was still at work when I got back.
8
我不断听到隐约的鼓掌声。

wǒ bù duàn tīng dào yǐn yuē de gǔ zhǎng shēng。

I kept hearing the sound of applause in the background.
9
我的鱼平均每条重2磅8盎司,还有过两条重8磅的。

wǒ de yú píng jūn měi tiáo zhòng2 28 bàng 8, àng sī , huán yǒu guò8 liǎng tiáo。

My fish average 2 lb 8 oz and I've had two eight-pounders.
10
我之前建议成人服用的剂量可以降到1/2或者1/4。

wǒ zhī qián jiàn yì chéng rén fú yòng de jì liáng kě yǐ jiàng dào1/2 1/2 huò1/4。

The doses I suggested for adults could be halved or quartered.
11
这是我朋友的猫。

Zhè shì wǒ péngyǒu de māo.

This is my friend's cat.
12
那是老师的书。

Nà shì lǎoshī de shū.

That is the teacher's book.
13
这是你买的水果。

Zhè shì nǐ mǎi de shuǐguǒ.

These are the fruits you bought.
14
我们学校的图书馆很大。

Wǒmen xuéxiào de túshūguǎn hěn dà.

Our school's library is very big.
uj~'s (possessive particle)1
15
这是爸爸的车。

Zhè shì bàba de chē.

This is dad's car.
ujreally and truly2
16
他每天都坐的士去上班。

Tā měitiān dōu zuò dīshì qù shàngbān.

He takes a taxi to work every day.
17
在机场门口可以看到很多的士。

Zài jīchǎng ménkǒu kěyǐ kàn dào hěn duō dīshì.

You can see many taxis at the airport entrance.

Cultural Notes for 的

🏮Cultural insight

In Chinese culture, possession and relationships are significant, often reflecting social status and familial ties. The use of 的 helps clarify these relationships in conversation, emphasizing the importance of context in communication.

Word Family of 的

Compounds2
Words Containing This Character20
de[possessive particle]
是的yes, that's right
他妈的fucking他媽的
有的yǒudesome (exist)
的确díquèreally的確
目的mùdìpurpose
别的biédeelse別的
似的shìdeseems as if
什么的and so on什麼的
的话dehuàif (coming after a conditional clause)的話
打的to go by taxi
面的minivan taxi麵的
目的地mùdìdìdestination (location)
有的是yǒudeshìhave plenty of
的士taxi (loanword)
有的时候sometimes有的時候
巴尔的摩Baltimore (place name, surname etc)巴爾的摩
总的来说zǒngdeláishuōto sum up總的來說
好样的(idiom) a good person, used to praise sb's moral integrity or courage好樣的
真是的zhēnshideReally! (interj. of annoyance or frustration)
Exercise 1 of 4

Compound Meaning

What does 的 mean?

Frequently Asked Questions about 的

Use 的 for possession or attribution, while 了 indicates a change of state or completion. They serve different grammatical functions.